fraud

Essays
A Princely Ploy: Inside the Ruse of a French-Armenian Scammer

A Princely Ploy: Inside the Ruse of a French-Armenian Scammer

After proclaiming himself the direct descendant of a 12th-century Crusader king, the Armenian priest and educator Ambroise Calfa hit upon an ignoble scheme: grant knighthood to anyone willing to pay. Jennifer Manoukian recovers the cunning exploits of this forgotten 19th-century conman, whose initially honorable intentions quickly escalated into all-out fraud. more