Kumataro Ito’s Illustrations of Nudibranchs from the USS Albatross’ Philippine Expedition (ca. 1908)

Early Experiments with X-Rays (1896)

John Milton’s Frontispiece Prank

The Celestial Atlas of Andreas Cellarius (1660)

Images from William Saville-Kent’s The Great Barrier Reef of Australia (1893)

The Triumphal Arch of Emperor Maximilian I (1515)

Cosmography Manuscript (12th Century)

Flatfish Camouflage Experiments (1911)

Albert Racinet’s L’Ornement Polychrome (1869–73)

Allegorical Maps of Love, Courtship, and Matrimony

Fore-Edge Book Paintings from the Boston Public Library

The Bakemono Zukushi “Monster” Scroll (18th–19th century)

Ernst Haeckel’s Jellyfish

Maps Showing California as an Island

Mnemonic Alphabet of Jacobus Publicius (1482)

Utagawa Hiroshige: Last Great Master of Ukiyo-e

Hans Holbein’s Dance of Death (1523–5)

Swedish House-Gymnastics (1913)

The Egg Dance: From Peasant Village to Political Caricature

The Drolatic Dreams of Pantagruel (1565)

Drawings of Tetradons and Diodons (ca. 1838–42)

Adeline Harris Sears’ Autographs Quilt (1856–ca.1863)

Steam-Powered Tooth Extraction on an Envelope (1894)

Details from Gustav Klimt’s The Kiss (1908)